Applicable Scenarios: Organic synthesis intermediate technical documents, pharmaceutical raw material instructions, cross-border e-commerce wholesale details pages, SEO chemical science popularization copywriting. Core Structure: Piperidine ring with a nitrogen atom at position 1 connecting to a hydroxyl-containing propyl chain (), the molecule contains a tertiary amine group and an alcohol hydroxyl group, exhibiting rich reactivity.

I. Basic Physicochemical Parameters
Project Detailed Parameters
Chemical Formula
Molecular Weight
143.23
CAS Registry Number
104-58-5 (Mainstream Isomer: 1-Piperidinepropyl-1-ol)
Chemical Structure
<img src=”https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/image/imgsrv.fcgi?cid=7710&t=l” width=”120px”>(Piperidine ring N-connected to 3-hydroxypropyl)
Appearance
Colorless to pale yellow transparent liquid; industrial grade has a slight amine odor
Boiling Point / Melting point: 222-225℃ (at normal pressure); -30℃ (melting point) Solubility: Easily soluble in polar solvents such as water, ethanol, diethyl ether, and acetone; slightly soluble in non-polar solvents such as petroleum ether and toluene. Stability: Stable at room temperature; avoid contact with strong oxidizing agents (such as potassium permanganate and potassium dichromate) and strong acids; easily decomposes at high temperatures. Quality Standards (Industrial Grade): Purity ≥98%; Moisture ≤0.5%; Free amine ≤0.3%; Color (APHA) ≤50

II. Synthesis Process
Mainstream Synthesis Scheme (Addition reaction, yield ≥85%)

Raw Materials: Piperidine (industrial grade, purity ≥99%), propylene oxide (electropeptide), anhydrous ethanol (solvent)
Reaction Steps:

In a dry high-pressure reactor, add piperidine and anhydrous ethanol, and stir to dissolve;
Slowly introduce propylene oxide (piperidine:propylene oxide = 1:1.05, molar ratio), heat to 80-90℃, and maintain the temperature for reaction. 4-6 hours; After the reaction, ethanol and excess raw materials are recovered by vacuum distillation; The fraction collected at 120-125℃/2kPa yields high-purity 1-piperidinpropanol.

Byproduct Treatment
The reaction byproduct is a small amount of disubstituted product (piperidine bi-hydroxypropyl), which can be recovered by distillation, resulting in no waste pollution and meeting environmental protection requirements.

III. Core Application Areas

1. Pharmaceutical Intermediates (High Value-Added Direction)

As a key intermediate for antihistamines (such as loratadine and cetirizine), active groups are derived through esterification and chlorination of hydroxyl groups;

Used in the synthesis of antidepressants (such as venlafaxine), the tertiary amine group enhances the drug’s water solubility and bioavailability;

Application Advantages: High purity (≥98%), controllable impurities, meets pharmaceutical-grade raw material standards, and supports large-scale procurement by pharmaceutical companies.

2. Organic Synthesis Building Blocks (Fine Chemicals)

The hydroxyl groups of alcohols can undergo esterification, etherification, and oxidation reactions, deriving carboxylic acids and ethers containing piperidine rings; tertiary amine groups can undergo quaternization reactions with haloalkanes to prepare cationic surfactants (used as antistatic agents in the textile and dyeing industries); Application advantages: High reactivity, good functional group compatibility, suitable for customized synthesis of various piperidine derivatives.

3. Other Industrial Applications

Used as a metal corrosion inhibitor (for carbon steel and copper alloys, corrosion inhibition efficiency ≥90% in acidic media); As a coating additive, it improves the leveling and adhesion of coatings, suitable for industrial anti-corrosion coatings.

IV. Safe Storage and Transportation and Cross-border Compliance

1. Safety Protection

Hazard Category: Non-hazardous material, slightly irritating to skin and eyes;

Protective Measures: Wear nitrile gloves, goggles, and a respirator during handling; avoid direct contact;

First Aid: For skin contact, rinse with water for 15 minutes; for eye contact, rinse with saline solution and seek medical attention.

2. Storage and Transportation Requirements

Storage: Store in a sealed container in a cool, dry, and well-ventilated warehouse (temperature ≤30℃), away from fire and oxidizers. Shelf life: 12 months.
Transportation: Transport as ordinary chemicals, avoiding exposure to sunlight, rain, and severe collisions. Meets domestic road/rail transport standards.

3. Cross-border Compliance

Customs Code: 2933399090 (Other nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds);
Export Qualifications: Provides MSDS, COA, and commodity inspection report. Supports customs clearance in Europe, America, Southeast Asia, and other regions. No export restrictions.